Confessions of a forensic science whistleblower : Its not what you think

Per se, the  title “whistleblower” does not apply to me. I do not work for a governmental or public company. I am a health care provider. I am self employed. I have the “physician do no harm” philosophy  as my mantra. “Practicing” for 39 years has enabled me to marvel over newer and more effective therapeutics for helping patients heal and enjoy themselves. Those years have also allowed me to acquire an aptitude to weed out quackery and ineffective, dangerous, or at least overblown “cures” and “therapies” that frequently arise. I particularly hate the liars, obfuscators and “white wash” experts who hawk their wares to the public who generally trust health professionals.  I have applied this measure of scrutiny during my forensic career as well. For twenty years since DNA profiling began its ascent into the  forensic community. The forensic swags who boasted their forensic wares at the expense of public safety in Monday’s NYT article have been my target for 20 years.

There are numerous safeguards in the health care industry composed of state regulation statutes, audits of treatment records and professional standards which affect compliance and performance to protect the public’s best interests and concerns.

In the forensic science kingdom, there is no governmental oversight. There is a “self rule” environment that has existed since its infancy in pre-WWI Germany, Britain and the US. This is a self policing responsibility that is reflected in the few forensic organizations who volunteer as the protectors of public when forensic science or “non-science” interacts in the criminal justice system. Some of us call these groups “good old boy” social clubs capitalizing on the rampant popularity of CSI “careers” they promote. The biggest of these groups were heavily represented in all of the last five years of Congressional forensic “fact-finding” forays.

So, what happens when some forensic “whack jobs” run amok? Not much of anything as Monday’s NYT piece and the linked Radley Balko 2009 article show too well. Maybe not, if the MS Supreme Court wakes up about Eddie Lee Howard’s case. If they do, it could lead the way for other reversals of “bitemark identification” convictions. IF, the court takes the opinion that the 2009 NAS Report bashing “bitemark identifications” controls the playing field of forensics. That would be a huge leap forward.

If you have the stomach, view the horrors of the “approved method of forensics” seen in Howard (approved by the ABFO until 2013). Tragically, the one case mentioned by the NYT and Balko is NOT the only forensic train-wreck in the ABFO’s portfolio.

Don’t expect the government, or the forensic clubs to do anything proactive. When asked, AAFS reps have responded that theirs is not the proper “forum.” Or that, “we will send it to committee.”  Or, “we are happy to have our elite members participate in the National Forensic Science Commission.” Noteworthy: a recent addition to the NFSC has  been involved in a Louisiana conviction case which later became an exoneration.

One last on criminal justice system. The court’s do not promulgate forensic science changes on the systemic judicial level. Even when a long accepted-in-court forensic method gets the boot by a combination of unacceptable failures and media/public defender opposition. Double especially when the NYT-expressed forensic “short-comings” have permeated criminal cases for decades, as in MS and most states. Its not their job.

BTW, this is not a confession.

 

 

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Editorial on New York Times article about Faulty Bitemark Forensics

The September 15, 2014, New York Times exclusive on the failure of bitemark identification resurging in a MS death penalty case describes a botched bitemark method by one practitioner, that until 2013, was recognized by the forensic organization mentioned in the article. The  shocking truth is that the story of Eddie Lee Howard can also be generalized to that same group’s other casework.

The current primary bitemark apologist and guardian of the bitemark “board,” Peter Loomis, had some chilling comments in yesterday’s  New York Times article while he was avoiding the light of the numerous wrongful convictions his colleagues have aided over the decades. He clearly explains the thinking of this group. I have put his words in quotes and bold to emphasize certain of his snippets. Then I have a few comments myself.

 “Dr. Peter W. Loomis, a consultant in dental forensics in Albuquerque and president of the discipline’s professional body, the American Board of Forensic Odontology, did not dispute the academy’s conclusions (the 2009 National academy of Sciences report that debunked bitemark “science), “but said that bite-mark analysis of still had a useful role in court.

The board has begun scientific studies, he said, to establish whether and when it can produce reliable identifications. A narrowing of the pool of likely suspects might be possible, for example, when the bite marks are clear and obvious, when the number of potential biters is known and limited, and if suspects have contrasting dental patterns.”

Here’s my response to Peter Loomis: All past bitemark “positive” identification cases (since their US court room acceptance in 1975) need to be independently reviewed. Exactly like the erroneous forensic history of the FBI’s bullet lead and hair forensic debacles.

In his own words, he makes this an abundantly clear and convincing necessity.

1) Loomis’ little dental group has spent 5 years saying, both in and out of courts, that the 2009 NAS committee was not their “scientific community’s” overseers on their forensic “science.” 2) “scientific studies” by the ABFO are, at best, the worse examples (they only have 3 papers claimed to be validity testing) of data “cooking” and misdirected conclusions I have ever seen in any professional journal. Also, I do not expect the ABFO to have been cured of their pattern of obtuse rejection and personal harassment of other more qualified research professionals who oppose their sanctimonious “place in the courts.” (3) “narrowing of the pool” means that these experts do not know the dental profile (i.e. tooth position) distribution (a protection against false results) derived from any population studies. As a substitute for such data, the ABFO now expects law enforcement to tell them who the “likely suspects’ are in any particular case. That is the height of expectational bias and would not by allowed in any competently certified crime lab. These folks do not work in crime labs.  (4) every ABFO member who has worked for law enforcement states or implies that the bitemark injury is “clear and obvious.” That’s what they say to both judges and juries. A typical bitemark expert on the witness stand is allowed to say, “see it for yourself”  (5) “known and limited” is the same as 3). (5) The last one, “if…..contrasting dental patterns,” assumes a premise that the NAS in 2009 patently rejected. The premise (i.e. assumption) the ABFO and Loomis stands on is: It is possible, if you see supposed teeth marks in a bruise, that the pattern accurately represents the shape of a suspect’s teeth.

So, does the ABFO, according to Loomis, really agree with the 2009 NAS Report?

Answer: not even a little bit. BTW, The NAS in 2009 referenced a number of my papers as a foundation for their final opinions. Some past ABFO president has written that the NAS were “mislead.”

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Good forensic science. Bad forensic science. Dangerous forensic science. Plus other stuff.

Today’s New York Times exclusive on the failure of bitemark identification resurging in a MS death penalty case.

“Startling gap between “CSI” and certain  science.” PBS Nova program.

KY: Prosecutor’s office focus of criticism from defendant. ADA lied to judge about existence of 911 call. 

“Prosecutors have an obligation to get to the truth, not merely win convictions.” – Barry Scheck  via @

 She has written a popular med path book. It’s for sale on Amazon. “Working Stiff.” Hypoxic brain injury is not a cause of death. What is it due to? OD, acidosis from battery ingestion? What?!

“Body Farm” Forensic team helps with Bobo investigation. Mentions the great Bill Bass legacy to anthropology.

A look into the arena of Forensic Science chaos and inconsistencies. 

Two More Florida Police Outed As KKK Members

Time For Civil Asset Forfeiture Laws To Meet The Same Fate As Jim Crow  via @Forbes

Forensic anthropology and archaeology in the news…and some strange stuff 

DNA links to serial killer. “Locked Up For 30 Years, Innocent Woman Goes For Comfort Food” 

They were afraid of billabong weaponry. Australian police in riot gear removing Aboriginal children at ‘gunpoint’ 

Forensics : Fingerpints : The ease of lifting prints to bypass biometric protections. 

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Forensics : Prosecutorial misconduct, exonerations and the Politics of Criminal Justice

From the Wrongful Convictions blog:

“Prosecutorial arrogance and tunnel vision” plus more CJ and its politics via

 

Not another one! But the best version I’ve read about this serial case from the 1880’s. “Forensic Scientist Claims To Have Finally Identified Jack The Ripper.” This article appear legitimate and to my knowledge is the first to use physical and biological evidence from one of the murder scenes. Familial DNA profiling of a known suspect and one victim are central to this claim.   via

Better images in this article on Jack.  

Cop drug evidence perjury : “Another Philadelphia Drug Conviction Overturned Because of Cop’s Testimony” « CBS Philly

Case of Central Park Five Ends After 11-Year Litigation. Award worth $41 million.  

The godfather of DNA: 30 years Alec Jeffreys revolutionized crime fighting 

Forensics : Effort by defense in Spell case attempts to preclude opinion evidence as unscientific. via

MH 17 forensic case not closed by any means.

“Crime labs should have scientists not police officers.” Plus the lawyer who outed the sloppy crime lab in SC.

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Forensic News with some real strange events

Taking evidence interpretation to a whole new level: The lawyer who shot himself proving his case

 

Pure conjecture at this point: James Foley killer ‘unmasked’ by U.S. forensics via

 

?? about shooting = DOJ probe requested as expert pathologist Werner Spitz sees Curnell death as accident via

 

Forensics : Composite bullet lead conviction gets a judicial reversal. Similar to 100s of cases using junk forensics

 

Crime lab tech firing justified “for cause.” As in causing a wrongful conviction etc.

 

An Example of Forensic Science at its Worst (from the US):

 

“Working Stiff” by forensic pathologist Dr. Judy Melinek hits bestseller list;  

 

UK: Lab contamination stalls 1997 murder case

 

Ach du lieber! Austrian SWAT team raids wrong apartment. Unlike US $$ compensation is immediately available.

 

State SCT rejects most misconduct claims against assistant DA | One count of pros misc did not affect outcome. Popular use of “had no affect” seen in most appellate decisions.

 

Never before has fingerpointing antics of cops and DAs been so well described as in this judge’s unerring scrutiny about their agencies’ misconduct. This is in California’s Orange County. 

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Forensics : Research suggests that bitemarks used to prosecute in child abuse cases have lower pattern details than those bites seen in wrongful convictions.

Prime example of forensic context bias in criminal justice. Has a connect with Shaken Baby Syndrome scientific myths having no supporting data. Its practitioners admit no cognitive biases exist and will not analyze their own casework. http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_cognitive_biases

csidds's avatarFORENSICS and LAW in FOCUS @ CSIDDS | News and Trends

(updated 2:16pm 7-17-2014)

Research on bitemark opinions: Bites on kids have lower pattern details than in bites used in wrongful convictions used by prosecutors. Authored by myself and Professor Iain Pretty. It was published in the Journal of Forensic Sciences in 2009. This article has an Impact Factor of 18 according to Google Scholar.  Quite good for a dental article. The JFS has an Impact Factor of 1.244. The full article is available here.  At the bottom of this page is a link to my lecture on this subject given at the AAFS meeting in 2008.

Here is the abstract:

Bitemark cases continue to raise controversy due to the degree of expert disagreement which is frequently seen. Using a case mix of 49 bitemark cases from 2000 to 2007 each injury was independently assessed for its forensic significance using a previously described bitemark severity scale. Following the assessment, the mean value…

View original post 157 more words

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#Forensics : “What the Mike Brown 3 autopsies can and can’t say” + Obstacles to Other #Ferguson Forensic Outcomes

I have posted in my previous blog various comments and postings of forensic topics related to the events in Ferguson Mo. As of today, no more details have been released by the multiple state and federal agencies having multi jurisdictional control over investigating what REALLY happened between office Darren Wilson and Mike Brown. Expecting to know the truth of these matters may be overly-optimistic. Factors that are obstacles to any valid re-creation of a possible crime scene is my focus for today. I will just list them in no particular order but the first factor is the most common and involves the societal attitudes regarding law enforcement investigations of law enforcement, no matter how “independent” they profess themselves to be.

1. The societal effects and attitudes concerning these high profile forensic investigations.

Following the Twitter feed for #Ferguson has been a revelation regarding how the vacuum of informed forensic knowledge, when combined with  minimal disclosure of the shooting scene evidence, leads the public into a veritable swamp of personal theories and opinions.

2. The public’s fall-back proofs principally rely on eye witness reports. The vacuum of information has produced a very hazy atmosphere for both the pro and con supporters regarding the justification for Mike Brown being shot and killed. Current research within the US criminal justice system has placed witness statements on a bright stage of controversy and skepticism since the advent of DNA-based exonerations of convictions tainted by erroneous, mis-leading, and coercive statements involving witness testimony.

The press has been adding-up the number of wits coming forth with declarations about the culpability of both Mike Brown and Darren Wilson at the scene. I would say the number on both sides is about even. That makes the winnowing process, from the investigators’ point of view as to what’s true or false, an arduous and potentially subjective act. The passage of time also befuddles the veracity of statements made significantly after any event. the police try to “nail down” wit statements immediately after any event. The LAPD Chief Charlie Beck recently stated the same with his department’s recent officer-involved shooting.

3. The overwhelming presence of images and videos streaming from Ferguson needing collection and interpretation by legitimate analysts. The public is being inundated and influenced by all of this (add: The Grand Jury and the community’s jury pool). The pre-assessment opinions of media pundits and media experts also makes for pre-judgement bias and more mis-information for public consumption.  I am not talking about the peace marching, vandalism  and conflicts with police vids and pics. What imaging I have watched of the immediate post-incident scene seems ambiguous and possibly not relevant. I expect the immediate and timely forensic photos taken by police will be more detailed, at high resolution and in focus (I hope). Other physical evidence (shell casings (and other ballistic info), GSR, fingerprints, contact DNA, etc) makes for a long list of additional forensic interpretations in our future.

4. The media and the public’s attitudes and beliefs regarding forensic science. One half of the media topic ranges across the board. In the fiction and entertainment world of forensics, its “Gil Grissom” and others who identify the perp from mere scintillae of physical evidence. In many episodes of this genre, technical methods presented are fictional as well. This is strangely very predominant in the imaging (aka: digital evidence) realm. In the real media world of forensic science, I still see lingering references to the OJ Simpson cases in today’s press and significant forensic science disasters or failings in police managed crime labs (again, see my last blog)  The medias’ use of the available autopsy info has portrayed the pathologists having “celebrity” style personas due to their casework. I have to remind everyone that most of those “celebrity-high-profile” cases and trials had opposing experts just as well qualified the one’s we are seeing on CNN, et al. The very latest news on questionable forensic pathology opinions is yesterday’s Washington Post article from Radley Balko about politics involving “forensic” law enforcement and court approved experts.

I would have to say the public views on forensics are very high regarding DNA forensics (the newest and most researched real science in forensics) and consider the other aspects of forensic techniques (not all are “scientific” ) very powerful. Its when there are disputing experts in cases that task juries to decide for themselves which expert to believe. I expect this last scenario to show up if there is a criminal trial (either in federal or state court) against Officer Wilson, or if a civil suit is brought by the Brown family.

5. The “independent” forensic analyses probably are not all “independent.” This has to do with the forensic sequence of overlapping investigations. Some “sharing” of physical evidence has occurred regarding Mike Brown’s remains. It seems Drs. Baden and Parcells “took in consideration” the first autopsy held in MO which some had labeled as “preliminary.” This could be considered a linkage of both procedures. We know nothing at all about the other evidence collected from the scene and how similar”sharing” might occur. As I said above, there is a large vacuum of information on a significant amount of Furguson evidence. This is not good, IMHO.

In closing, here is a news article from today about the reality and limits of current autopsy information which we do have.  

Update: 2:31 pm PDT

Here we go, the forensic debate on the autopsy experts. Shawn Parcells of the family forensic team gets some serious flack about his credentials. “All in his mind” according to this interview.

This piece calls him a “fraud.” 

Nancy Grace seems to like him. 

 

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#Disputed : #Ferguson Policeman Darren Wilson received injuries during encounter with #Michael #Brown: Facial Fractures

Forensic aspects of the Mike Brown officer-involved shooting predominate this post.
Effort by US DOJ in Mike Brown shooting actually unprecedented in a domestic single incident criminal investigations. 
 Officer Darren Wilson injured during encounter with Mike Brown. Please note: This blogger uses no attribution to this information other than a 3rd party “source. As of today, Aug 20, 2014, some folks do not buy it. General proof used is that Officer Wilson was seen walking around Ferguson after the shooting. This won’t be cleared up for a while.
My Opinion: Three autopsies, the US DOJ, FBI, and at least 3 LE agencies will create amazing courtroom stories of “who has the evidence?”

Multiple autopsies like those in Michael Brown’s death are unusual, but not unprecedented 

Some background on pathologist Michael Baden 

Michael Baden, celebrity med exam: Cases include OJ, Phil Spector, Savio, Von Bulow, even JFK – & now Michael Brown. 

John Jay forensic Ph.D expresses opinions on “excessive force” issue in Ferguson case.  Similar court cases don’t often agree with his “1 vs 6 shot” idea. 

All out FBI blitz of Ferguson should bring the local police in full view re: recognition and preservation of crime scene evidence.

Now we will have a fed appointed ME do the next post. We still havent seen the first post. Expect a battle of experts soon. DOJ will not release its report until the entire civil rights investigation is finished (this is how the feds got into the case: via a possible  Sec.1983 civil rights violation).

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Forensic Science Misconduct, Deceit and Solutions

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Within the following excellent article are examples of how forensic experts can mislead juries by using, either intentionally or by simple error, incorrect statements “couched” as ‘science.’  I would add that there are examples where experts address the courts and juries with pure fabricated falsehoods. These people sound legit, many times self-cite their own “work” or “work” from a single source  and hide from their audiences any semblance of honest academic and research. Readers can expect, in the near future, an expose on this specific topic via use of court transcripts of a criminal case. You will read the absolute truth of what happens in courts when a forensic ‘science’ takes root in the legal system using decades of non-science assumptions and now objects to criticisms of their failures, technical obsolescence and scrutiny of their ‘work.’

In the meantime, here is the opening paragraph of an excellent piece about false forensic science written by the Minnesota Innocence Project.

False testimony, exaggerated statistics, and laboratory fraud have all led to wrongful convictions. Jurors often give forensic science more weight, because it is provided by “experts.” However, when misconduct occurs the added weight is damaging and can lead to wrongful convictions. In some cases, labs and their personnel are not impartial, because they are too closely tied to police and prosecutors. Other times, a criminologist who lacks necessary knowledge may exaggerate findings and does not have to worry about being caught because the lawyer, judge, and jury have no background in the relevant science. In many cases, critical evidence is destroyed making re-testing to uncover the misconduct is impossible.

Read the entire article here. 

 

 

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Just what IS ‘malicious prosecutorial misconduct? How about “criminally negligent?” Plus more on #Forensic #Science

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Brooklyn 36-win 0-loss DA getting heat for a mega-list of alleged misconduct thats ugly but probably not “malicious” http://nydn.us/1mDXPLk

Here’s what “non malicious” prosecutors are all about. They are “negligent.” How about “criminally negligent?  See next.

“altho committing misconduct, the actions of the DAs amount to “negligent rather than malicious.”. http://www.davisvanguard.org/eye-on-the-courts-the-pernicious-specter-of-prosecutorial-misconduct/… via @DavisVanguard

A forensic first in the US! Both sides agree on allowing ballistics assessment in Aaron Hernandez murder case http://shar.es/1nsFeT via @sharethis

More on ‘Proper’ Forensic Science celebratory week. Look at the adjectives about ‘accurate’ and ‘reliable’ forensics.http://www.wbiw.com/state/archive/2014/08/gov-pence-issues-proclamation-declaring-aug-10-16-forensic-science-week.php…

Followup op-ed about the Miami-Dade crime lab’s “little” dust-up. http://smithforensic.blogspot.com/2014/08/broward-crime-lab-kelli-mcdonald-miami.html

The “dust-up” itself. The Start of CSI Effect week. Inside PR look at Miami-Dade’s forensic lab http://m.local10.com/news/inside-look-at-miamidades-forensic-lab/27383532 … Seems to be missing some info on their latest efforts to cleanup their act in certain units.

FedEx’s Drug ‘Conspiracy’: Justice targets another law-abiding business on dubious charges. http://on.wsj.com/1uDPLj5  via @WSJ

Forensics: See how the Sacramento Police Department’s CSI unit do their ‘crime scene’ thing. http://on.news10.net/1oqOUm5  via @news10_ca

Judge tosses murder/arson conviction because the science now “conceded to be little more than superstition” http://huff.to/1B65qfu

Australian forensic team likely to return to E. Ukraine when it is safe. http://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-08-12/mh17-investigation-continue-when-safe-abbott/5664028

Forensic investigators identify 23 MH17 crash victims using fingerprints and dental records – http://www.smh.com.au/world/forensic-investigators-identify-23-mh17-crash-victims-using-fingerprints-and-dental-records-20140809-1027c4.html… via @smh

 

 

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